Gabatarwa

A cikin yanayin haɓaka software mai sauri na yau, ingancin ƙwarewar mai haɓakawa ya zama muhimmin abu don tantance nasarar aikin. Yayin da tsarin software ke ƙara rikitarwa, masu haɓakawa suna fuskantar ƙalubale da yawa waɗanda za su iya hana aikin su da gamsuwa gabaɗaya. Don magance waɗannan ƙalubalen, masu gine-ginen software da masu haɓakawa suna ɗaukar dabaru daban-daban waɗanda ke ba da fifikon ƙwarewar masu haɓakawa, gami da kayan aikin haɗin gwiwa, dabarun sarrafa kansa, da hanyoyin da ke haɓaka ingantaccen aiki.

A cikin wannan labarin, za mu bincika sabbin ci gaba a cikin gine-ginen software waɗanda ke mai da hankali kan haɓaka ƙwarewar haɓakawa. Za mu zurfafa cikin duniyar kayan aikin haɗin gwiwa, dabarun sarrafa kansa, da hanyoyin da za su iya taimaka wa masu haɓakawa suyi aiki da inganci da inganci. Bugu da ƙari, za mu ba da misali mai lamba a Python wanda ke nuna yadda ake aiwatar da dabarun aiki mai sauƙi ta amfani da bututun CI/CD.

Kayan aikin Haɗin kai don Ƙwarewar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru

Kayan aikin haɗin gwiwa sun canza yadda masu haɓaka ke aiki tare akan ayyukan software. Waɗannan kayan aikin suna ba da damar sadarwar lokaci-lokaci, bita na lamba, da gudanar da ayyukan, yana sauƙaƙa wa masu haɓakawa don haɗin gwiwa da raba ilimi.

Tsarin Sarrafa Sabis (VCS)

Tsarin sarrafa sigar, kamar Git, kayan aiki ne masu mahimmanci don haɓaka software na haɗin gwiwa. VCS yana ba masu haɓakawa da yawa damar yin aiki akan codebase iri ɗaya a lokaci guda, waƙa da canje-canje, da sarrafa rikice-rikice.

``bash

Fara sabon ma'ajiyar Git

git add. git aikata -m "Aikin farko"

### Kayan Aikin Bitar Code

Kayan aikin bita na lamba, irin su GitHub Code Review, baiwa masu haɓaka damar yin bita da bayar da ra'ayi kan lambar juna. Wannan yana taimakawa tabbatar da cewa lambar tana da inganci, ta dace da ƙa'idodin coding, kuma tana bin mafi kyawun ayyuka.

### Kayan Aikin Gudanarwa

Kayan aikin gudanarwa, kamar Jira, Trello, ko Asana, suna taimakawa masu haɓakawa tsarawa, waƙa, da sarrafa ayyukansu. Waɗannan kayan aikin suna ba masu haɓaka damar sanya ayyuka, saita lokacin ƙarshe, da saka idanu akan ci gaba.

## Dabaru Automation don Ingantattun Ƙwarewar Haɓakawa

Dabarun sarrafa kansa suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɓaka ƙwarewar masu haɓakawa ta hanyar rage ƙoƙarin hannu, haɓaka inganci, da rage kurakurai.

### Ci gaba da Haɗuwa (CI)

Ci gaba da haɗawa al'ada ce inda masu haɓakawa ke haɗa canje-canjen lambar su zuwa ma'ajiyar ta tsakiya akai-akai. Wannan yana tabbatar da cewa an gina lambar, gwadawa, da kuma inganta shi akai-akai, yana rage yiwuwar al'amurran haɗin kai.

### Ci gaba da Aiki (CD)

Ci gaba da turawa al'ada ce inda ake yin gini ta atomatik da gwaje-gwaje a duk lokacin da aka tura canjin lamba zuwa ma'ajiyar. Wannan yana bawa masu haɓaka damar tura canje-canjen lamba cikin sauri da dogaro.

### Kayan aiki azaman Code (IaC)

Kamfanoni a matsayin lamba aiki ne inda aka ayyana ababen more rayuwa ta amfani da lamba, maimakon daidaitawar hannu. Wannan yana bawa masu haɓakawa damar sarrafa canje-canjen ababen more rayuwa, rage kurakurai, da haɓaka daidaito.

## Hanyoyi don Ingantattun Ƙwarewar Haɓakawa

Hanyoyi suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɓaka ƙwarewar masu haɓakawa ta hanyar samar da tsarin haɗin gwiwa, sadarwa, da warware matsala.

### Hanyar Hanya

Hanyar Agile hanya ce mai jujjuyawa da ƙari ga haɓaka software wanda ke jaddada sassauci, haɗin gwiwa, da ci gaba da haɓakawa.

### Scrum Tsarin

Tsarin Scrum sanannen dabarun Agile ne wanda ke jaddada aikin haɗin gwiwa, ba da lissafi, da ci gaba mai jujjuyawa zuwa ingantattun maƙasudai.

### Al'adun DevOps

Al'adar DevOps tunani ne wanda ke jaddada haɗin gwiwa, sadarwa, da ci gaba da haɓaka tsakanin ƙungiyoyin ci gaba da ayyuka.

## Misalin Code: Aiwatar da bututun CI/CD ta amfani da Python

A cikin wannan misali, za mu nuna yadda ake aiwatar da bututun CI/CD mai sauƙi ta amfani da Python da ɗakin karatu na 'bututun'.

`` Python
shigo da os
shigo da subprocess
daga bututun shigo da bututun

aji MyPipeline(Bututu):
    def __init__(kai):
        super().__init__()
        self.name = "Bumbuna na"

    def gini(kai):
        # Gina code
        subprocess.run (["make", "gina"))

    def gwajin(kai):
        # Guda gwajin naúrar
        subprocess.run (["yi", "gwaji"))

    def deploy(kai):
        # Sanya code
        subprocess.run (["make", "deploy"))

bututu = MyPipeline()
pipeline.run()

Wannan lambar tana bayyana bututun CI/CD mai sauƙi wanda ke ginawa, gwadawa, da tura canje-canjen lamba. Hanyar 'build' tana gudanar da umarnin 'make build', hanyar 'gwajin' tana gudanar da umarnin'yin gwaji', kuma hanyar 'deploy' tana gudanar da umarnin'make deploy'.

Kallon gani: bututun CI/CD

Jadawalin da ke gaba yana hango bututun CI/CD ta amfani da Chart.js.

''javascript const ctx = document.getElementById('myChart').getContext('2d'); const ginshiƙi = sabon Chart (ctx, { nau'in: 'HorizontalBar', data: { lakabi: ['Gina', 'Gwaji', 'Tsarin'], bayanai: [{ tambarin: 'Tsakan Bututu', bayanai: [10, 20, 30], bango launi: [ 'rgba(255, 99, 132, 0.2)', 'rgba(54, 162, 235, 0.2)', 'rgba(255, 206, 86, 0.2)' ], iyakar launi: [ 'rgba(255, 99, 132, 1)', 'rgba(54, 162, 235, 1)', 'rgba(255, 206, 86, 1)' ], iyakar iyaka: 1 }] }, zabin: { sikeli: { y: { startAtZero: gaskiya } } } });

Wannan ginshiƙi yana hango matakan matakan bututun, gami da ginawa, gwaji, da turawa.

## Kammalawa

haɓaka ƙwarewar haɓakawa yana da mahimmanci don nasarar ci gaban software. Kayan aikin haɗin gwiwa, dabarun sarrafa kansa, da dabaru suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɓaka aikin haɓaka masu haɓakawa, gamsuwa, da ingancin rayuwa gabaɗaya. Ta hanyar ɗaukar sabbin ci gaba a cikin ƙirar software, masu haɓakawa za su iya yin aiki da kyau, da inganci, da haɗin gwiwa. Misalin lambar da hangen nesa da aka bayar a cikin wannan labarin yana nuna yadda ake aiwatar da bututun CI / CD mai sauƙi ta amfani da Python da Chart.js. Ta hanyar rungumar waɗannan dabaru da kayan aikin, masu haɓakawa za su iya ɗaukar haɓaka software zuwa mataki na gaba.

## Magana

* [1] "Rahoton Jihar DevOps" na Labs na Puppet
* [2] "Ci gaba da Haɗuwa da Ci gaba da Aiki" na Microsoft
* [3] "Hanyoyin Agile" ta Scrum.org
* [4] "Al'adun DevOps" na Cibiyar DevOps
* [5] "Python Pipelines" ta ɗakin karatu na bututun mai

## Karin Karatu

* "Littafin Jagora na DevOps" na Gene Kim
* "Ci gaba da Isarwa: Amintaccen Software yana Saki ta hanyar Gina, Gwaji, da Aiki Automation" na Jez Humble
* "Agile Project Management with Scrum" na Ken Schwaber
* "DevOps for Dummies" na John F. Harris