Ukubalwa kweTekhnoloji enkulu: Xa iPhupha le-AI lidibana ne-Zero-Day Nightmare
Ngelixa uqwalaselo loshishino lobuchwephesha luhlala lulungisa uhlaziyo olongezelelekileyo lweLLM kunye neengxoxo zefilosofi malunga ne-AI, ukujongwa kokwenyani okucacileyo kuyenziwa. Oku ayisiyiyo nje "ukulungiswa" kwemarike; luvavanyo kwakhona olucwangcisiweyo lwexabiso, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nomngcipheko, olwenzeka njengezoyikiso ezintsonkothileyo ezijolise ngokungayekeleli kwiziseko zethu zedijithali. Ukulibala ukuma okuthambileyo; iminyaka yakutshanje iveze ingxaki enzulu ngaphakathi kwicandelo letekhnoloji.
Umba obalulekileyo osoloko ungahoywa kukuncitshiswa okungapheliyo kwetalente. Ngo-2023 kuphela, ngaphezulu kwe-263,000 yemisebenzi yetekhnoloji iye yasuswa [1]. Oku akuphelelanga kwisiqalo esitsala nzima; abadlali abakhulu abanjengoGoogle, iAmazon, iMicrosoft, kunye neMeta bonke banciphise kakhulu abasebenzi babo. Oku kubonisa intsingiselo ebanzi, ezinzileyo, hayi isehlo esizimeleyo.
Umxakatho we-AI: UkuSebenza ngeZini iindleko?
Ibali, ngokuqinisekileyo, lisebenza ngokufanelekileyo. "Ukulungiselela ukukhula," "ukulungelelanisa imisebenzi," "ukwabela kwakhona izixhobo kwizinto eziphambili ngobuchule" - funda: AI. Sixelelwa ukuba i-AI izakudala imisebenzi emitsha, kodwa ngoku, ijongeka ngokukrokrayo ngathi ithatha indawo * ekhoyo, okanye ivumela iinkampani ukuba zenze okungakumbi ngokuncinci. Isithembiso semveliso eqhutywa yi-AI sinikezelwa, kungekhona ngokwandisa abasebenzi, kodwa ngokuyicutha.
Oku akukho malunga nemijikelo yezoqoqosho kuphela. Olu lutshintsho olusisiseko kwindlela ixabiso elibonwa kwaye linikezelwe ngayo. Iinkampani ziyaqaphela ukuba iminyaka yokukhula ngokugqithisileyo ikhokelele ekudumbeni, kwiindima ezingafunekiyo, kunye nezinga lokutsha elingazinzanga. Ngoku, nge-AI ethembisa ukwenza ngokuzenzekelayo yonke into ukusuka kwisizukulwana sekhowudi ukuya kwinkxaso yabathengi, izembe liwela kakhulu kwezo ndima zithathwa "njengezinto ezingabalulekanga" okanye, ngokuchanekileyo, "zizenzekelayo."
Isigqebelo siyavakala. Iibhiliyoni zigalelwa kuphando lwe-AI kunye nokusasazwa, kulandela umda olandelayo wetekhnoloji, ngelixa kwangaxeshanye kudilizwa amaqela anoxanduva lokwakha nokugcina iziseko ezisisiseko. Le ndlela ifana nokwakha i-edifice ebanzi kwisiseko esingazinzanga.
I-Zero-Day Blitzkrieg: Imfazwe ye-Cyber ePhambili
Kwaye sithetha ngeziseko eziwohlokayo, masithethe malunga nokunyuka okungazange kubonwe ngaphambili kubuthathaka obuxhatshaziweyo. Esi ayisosilumkiso ngokubanzi; yingxaki ye-cyber ekhawulezileyo, enangaphambili kaninzi.
I-Apple, ehlala inconywa ngokhuseleko lwayo, ibhengeze iintsuku ezininzi zero kwiinyanga zamva nje, ezinje ngeCVE-2024-23225, esetyenziswa "kuhlaselo oluntsonkothileyo" [2]. UGoogle Chrome, isango le-intanethi elihlala likhona, libone abantu abaninzi bexhatshazwa ngeentsuku zero kulo nyaka kuphela, kubandakanya i-CVE-2024-4671 kunye ne-CVE-2024-4761, zombini eziya kulungiswa ngoMeyi [3]. Oku kulandelelana ngokukhawuleza kweziphene ezibalulekileyo kubonisa amaqela okhuseleko ahlala esabela kwizoyikiso ezivelayo.
I-Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) ithe gqolo yongeza ubuthathaka obutsha obaziwayo kwikhathalogu [4]. Ezi ziquka i-firewall flaw ye-Zyxel (i-CVE-2023-28771), isetyenziswe "umdlali othetha isiTshayina" ukuphazamisa izixhobo eziphantse zibe yi-1,000, kunye ne-F5 BIG-IP RCE (CVE-2023-46747). I-CISA isoloko ikhupha imiyalelo engxamisekileyo, ehlala inexesha elifutshane lolungiso, ukuze ii-arhente zomdibaniso zifake iziseko ezingundoqo ezichasene nezisongelo ezintsonkothileyo, ezixhaswa ngurhulumente. I-Veeam Backup kunye nokuba sesichengeni sokuphindaphinda (CVE-2023-27532) kunye nobungqina bobungqina boluntu nayo isetyenziswe ngokusebenzayo [4].
Lo ayingomsebenzi wabagebenga abangasafundanga; ezi ziintshaba ezichubekileyo, ezinezixhobo ezifanelekileyo ezijolise ngokucwangcisekileyo kwiziseko ezingundoqo ezibalulekileyo, iisistim zamashishini, kunye nezixhobo zabasebenzisi bokugqibela. Basebenzisa ubuthathaka xa befunyenwe, okanye nangaphambili.
UQhagamshelwano Olungabonakaliyo: Amaqela Abhityileyo, Ukhuseleko Oluvuzayo
Ngoku, qhagamshela amachaphaza. Ngaba yinto nje eyenzeke ngebhaqo ukuba sibona ukudendwa kwerekhodi ngaxeshanye sijongene nenani elingazange libonwe ngaphambili, ububuthathaka obuxhatshaziweyo? Olu nxulumano kunzima ukuluhoya.
Xa imisebenzi engaphezulu kwekota yesigidi isikiwe, ayisiyiyo nje "isisindo esifileyo" esichithwayo. Kuthetha ukuphulukana nolwazi lweziko, iinjineli zokhuseleko ezinamava, amaqela akhutheleyo e-QA, kwanabona bantu banoxanduva lokuchonga, ukubhaca, kunye nokusabela kwezi zoyikiso. Amaqela aseleyo azoluliwe acekeceke, ahlala enyanzelwa ukuba abeke phambili isantya sembonakalo ngaphezulu kococeko oluyimfuneko. Oku kudala imeko apho i-mantra "ihamba ngokukhawuleza kwaye yaphule izinto" ngoku ibeka umngcipheko wokushiya iinkqubo ezibalulekileyo zibonakalisiwe.
Ukusukela ukusebenza kakuhle okuqhutywa yi-AI, ngelixa kuluncedo ngokwethiyori, kudala ukungalingani okuyingozi. Silungiselela imveliso ngelixa sityeshela inkunzi yabantu kunye nokuma kokhuseleko olomeleleyo oluxhasa yonke into. Ngelixa imakethi yetalente inokuqiniswa kwi-generalists, imfuno yeengcali zokhuseleko ezikhethekileyo, abaphenduli beziganeko, kunye nabazingeli bezoyikiso zihlala ziphezulu kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ngaba iinkampani zenza utyalo-mali ngokwenyani kwezi ndima zibalulekileyo, okanye ngaba zinethemba lokuba izixhobo zabo ze-AI ziya kusombulula ngomlingo imingeni yazo yokhuseleko? Le yokugqibela lulindelo olungekho ngqiqweni.
Ubizo lwePragmatism
Kwii-CTOs kunye neenkokeli zobunjineli, ezi ayizondaba nje zokujonga phezulu. Esi sisibane esibomvu esidanyazayo.
- **Phinda uvavanye imidlalo yakho "yobuchule" Iindleko zokwaphulwa komthetho zigqithise kakhulu ugcino oluvela kunciphiso olumbalwa lwezibalo.
- Ukubeka phambili ukhuseleko ngokuzimisela okunyanisekileyo: Imisebenzi yokhuseleko ebalulekileyo efana nokuchwetheza, ukuphendula ngesiganeko esomeleleyo, kunye nokuzingela okukhawulezileyo asibobunewunewu bokuzikhethela; ziyimfuneko ekhoyo. Ukuba i-CISA ikhupha umhla obekiweyo weentsuku ezintathu wolungiso, iisistim zakho bekumele ukuba zikhuselwe kudala ngaphambili.
- Tyala abantu bakho: Imarike yeetalente kukhuseleko oluphezulu kunye neenjineli zeziseko zophuhliso iya isiba shushu ngakumbi. Bagcine, baqeqeshe, baxhobise. Isicwangciso sakho se-AI asinamsebenzi ukuba iinkqubo zakho ezingundoqo ziphazamisekile.
- ** Ukufuna ngcono kubathengisi: ** I-Apple, i-Google, i-F5, i-Zyxel - aba abadlali abangabonakaliyo. Ubuthathaka babo buchaphazela izigidi. Tyhila iimveliso ezikhuselekileyo-ngoyilo kunye nokukhawuleza, ukuchwetheza okucacileyo ngakumbi.
Ishishini letekhnoloji limi kwinqanaba elibalulekileyo. Singaqhubeka nokulandela ukusebenza kakuhle okuqhutywa yi-AI, enokuthi imfamekiswe sisithembiso sayo, ngelixa iziseko zethu zedijithali zichithwa kwaye iinkqubo zethu zijongene nokuxhatshazwa okusebenzayo. Kungenjalo, singakwazi ukujongana nale miba yenkqubo ngokuthe ngqo, sibeka phambili uzinzo kwakhona, ukhuseleko olomeleleyo, kunye nobuchule bomntu obuyimfuneko obakha ngokwenene kwaye bukhusela ihlabathi lethu ledijithali. Ukhetho, kunye nemiphumo yalo enzulu, luxanduva lwethu.
Imithombo
[1] Layoffs.fyi - https://layoffs.fyi/ [2] Uhlaziyo loKhuseleko lwe-Apple — https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT214080 [3] Ukukhutshwa kukaGoogle Chrome — https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2024/05/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_13.html [4] Ikhathalogu eyaziwayo ye-CISA eSebenzisiweyo yoBugcisa — https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog