Ukwehla kwe-AI kuyisiphazamiso. Indlu Yakho Ivutha.
Masikhulume ngokungagwegwesi: imboni yezobuchwepheshe ekugcineni isinomzuzu wayo "woza kuJesu" nge-AI, kodwa izizwa ingaphansi njengokuphenduka kwangempela futhi ifana ne-pivot yamasu. Kungazelelwe, bona kanye abaklami balo mjaho we-AI we-breakneck - abacwaningi abavelele kanye nabaxhasi bezimali abaxhase nge-caffeine-fueled sprints - bafuna ukwehla [1]. Bakhuluma "ngokuphatha kwangaphakathi," "izinhlaka zokuziphatha," kanye nesivinini "esenziwa ngamabomu". Futhi imakethe, ehlale iyi-barometer ebucayi, isivele isabele, ngokukhathazeka mayelana nokusimama kokutshalwa kwezimali kwe-AI okubangela ukuntengantenga kwesitoko sama-chip [2].
Lokhu akuwona umthetho wangaphandle; "umugqa wephutha" wangaphakathi ovela ngaphakathi kwe-AI ecosystem ngokwayo. Futhi ngenkathi i-C-suite iphikisana nemithelela yefilosofi yendalo yayo yesikhathi esizayo, okwamanje iyavutha.
Ukumisa okwesikhashana
Cabangela isikhathi. Sekuyiminyaka, i-mantra "ihamba ngokushesha futhi iphule izinto," noma kamuva nje, "hamba ngokushesha futhi yakha i-AGI." Manje, njengoba kunamamodeli anamandla asesetshenzisiwe, anendawo encintisanayo echazwe kakhulu, kanye nombono womthetho wangempela, ophusile ozayo, izingcingo zokuqapha ziyakhala kancane. Ingabe lokhu kuwukuvuka kwangempela ezingozini ezijulile, noma ukuqondisa okubaliwe ukuhlanganisa amandla, ukwehlisa ijubane labo oqhudelana nabo, nokuphatha umbono womphakathi ngaphambi kokuba kuphume izimfoloko?
Kulula ukushumayela ngokuqapha uma usuvele ubambe imakethe kukhompuyutha, ithalente, namamodeli ayisisekelo. Ukugxila komkhakha okungazelelwe "ekuhloleni kabusha imephu yemigwaqo yomkhiqizo, ukuhlolwa kwengozi, nokuhlelwa kwamasu" kuzwakala kukuhle, kodwa futhi kuzwakala kuyindlela elula yokuqondisa kabusha izinsiza. Lokhu kungase kwehlise ijubane ezinye izindlela zomthombo ovulekile noma abadlali abancane abangase baphonsele inselelo ama-giants amisiwe ngokulawula ukufinyelela kuzinsiza ezibalulekile noma ukuthonya izinhlaka zokulawula. "Uhlaka lwezimiso zokuziphatha" lubaluleke kakhulu kungazelelwe, hhayi ngenkathi amamodeli eqeqeshwa ngedatha elahliwe, kodwa manje njengoba anamandla ngokwanele ukubumba kabusha umphakathi ngempela.
Ukukhathazeka okuvezwe emiphakathini yezemfundo nesayensi, exwayisa ngokuthi "izixazululo" ze-AI zokuvula izinkinga zingasongela ubuqotho bemikhakha yabo [3], ziyinkomba ecacile yokujula kwalokhu kukhathazeka kwangaphakathi. Kodwa masingaphazamisi lokhu njengokuzidela. Lokhu akuphathelene nomthelela we-AI emisebenzini noma nengqalasizinda; imayelana nokulawula – ubani oyisebenzisayo, futhi ngasiphi isivinini. Inkulumo-mpikiswano incane mayelana nokuthi "kufanele siyakhe?" nokuningi mayelana "nokuthi ngubani onquma ukuthi siyakha ngokushesha kangakanani, futhi ubani owenza inzuzo?"
Ngenkathi Bephikisana Ngekusasa, Isipho Sakho Sibucayi
Manje, ake sisuke kulokho okukhathazayo okungacatshangwa, okubheka ikusasa lokuhlukana kwangaphakathi kwe-AI siye enkingeni esheshayo, ebonakalayo eyembuleka kumanethiwekhi ethu khona manje. Ngenkathi abadlali be-AI becabanga ngomphefumulo wemishini yabo, amaqembu akho asebenzayo alwela ukuqukatha inhlekelele egcwele yokuphepha ku-inthanethi.
Asikhulumi ngezinsongo zethiyori noma amathrendi ajwayelekile. Sikhuluma ngobungozi bosuku oluyiziro okuxhashazwe ngokuqhubekayo kusofthiwe yebhizinisi eliyisisekelo, ukushaya ingqalasizinda ebalulekile ngamandla wesando.
- I-Ivanti Connect Secure and Policy Secure (CVE-2023-46805 & CVE-2024-21887): Lokhu akusona nje isiphazamisi; isilonda esivulekile. Lobu bungozi ku-VPN ka-Ivanti kanye nezixazululo zokufinyelela kunethiwekhi zisetshenziswe ngokuqhubekayo, okuvumela abahlaseli ukuba badlule ukuqinisekiswa futhi bakhiphe imiyalo ekude. I-CISA ikhiphe izexwayiso eziningi, ezigqamisa ubungozi obubalulekile ezinhlanganweni ezithembele kulezi zinhlelo zokufinyelela okukude okuphephile [4]. Ukuzivikela kwakho kwenethiwekhi okuyinhloko, into eyodwa othembele kuyo ukumisa abantu ababi esangweni, kuyaxhashazwa ukuze abahlaseli bafinyelele ngokujulile kumanethiwekhi ezinkampani amaningi.
- I-Cisco IOS XE Web UI (CVE-2023-20198): Ubukhulu obukhulu. Kuxhashazwe ngokugcwele. Lokhu kuba sengozini kuvumela abahlaseli abangagunyaziwe ukuthi bakhe ama-akhawunti akhethekile futhi bathole ukulawula okugcwele kumadivayisi athintekile e-Cisco IOS XE. Uma umhlaseli engumnikazi wendiza yokuphatha ingqalasizinda yenethiwekhi yakho, uphethe yonke inethiwekhi yakho. Umdlalo uphelile [5].
I-CISA ayikhiphi "izixwayiso" zokuzijabulisa; bamemeza bethi "umlilo" enkundleni yemidlalo yeshashalazi egcwele abantu. Lezi akuzona nje izinsongo zethiyori; zisetshenziswa ngenkuthalo ukubeka engcupheni izivikelo eziyinhloko kanye nezinhlelo zokuphatha kuwo wonke amabhizinisi omhlaba.
The Real Fault Line
Indida iwugqinsi kangangokuthi ungawusika ngommese obuthuntu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sineqembu elikhethekile le-AI elidingida imithelela yesimilo yekusasa abasalikhayo, befuna ukwehla ngemva kweminyaka yokusheshisa okungahloliwe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sinosongo olukhona manje, olukhona lobuchwepheshe bethu obuyisisekelo bamanje obuwohlokayo ngaphansi kwesisindo sobungozi obungaxazululiwe, obungavaliwe.
"Umugqa wephutha" wangempela awukho nje kumphakathi we-AI; kuphakathi kombhoshongo wezinyo lendlovu wokuqanjwa kabusha kanye nemisele yezinto ezingokoqobo zokusebenza. Kuphakathi kwezingxoxo ezingacacile, ezigxile esikhathini esizayo "zokuzilawula" kwe-AI kanye nesidingo esisheshayo, esiqinile sokuvikeleka kwangempela nokuzinza kumasistimu esithembele kuwo namuhla.
Njengoba ama-CTO kanye nobunjiniyela behola, ngeke sikwazi ukuphazanyiswa yizinkulumo-mpikiswano zefilosofi zokwehla kwe-AI. Nakuba lezo zingxoxo zibalulekile isikhathi eside, ziwukunethezeka lapho indlu yakho ivutha. "Ukuhlolwa kabusha kwemigwaqo yomkhiqizo" kufanele kuqale ngokuthuthukisa izisekelo eziwayo zengqalasizinda yethu ekhona. "Ukuhlola ubungozi" kudinga ukubeka phambili izinsongo ezisheshayo, ezixhashazwayo ezibeka engcupheni ukuqhubeka nokusebenza kanye nobuqotho bedatha namuhla.
Izinto eziza kuqala kule mboni ziyatshekile. Sakha izinto ngokushesha, ezicwebezelayo esisekelweni esibolayo. Ikholi yokwehla kwe-AI kungase kube ingxoxo edingekayo, kodwa kithi esiphansi, sibhekene ne-Ivanti ne-Cisco zero-days, kuzwakala njengokuphikisana ngombala wamakhethini ngenkathi uphahla lungena ngaphakathi. Gxila kulokhu okwamanje. Ikusasa lingalinda kuze kube yilapho singophi.
Imithombo
[1] Incwadi Evuliwe Yokumisa Isikhashana Izivivinyo Ze-AI Ezinkulu — https://futureoflife.org/open-letter-pause-ai-development/ [2] Amasheya e-AI ayenyuka, kodwa abanye abatshalizimali baba novalo — https://edition.cnn.com/2024/03/07/investing/ai-stocks-nvidia-bubble/index.html [3] Inguquko ye-AI kwezesayensi: izithembiso kanye nezingozi — https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-03223-y [4] Abalingiswa Abasabisayo Abasebenzisa I-Ivanti Connect Secure and Ivanti Policy Secure Vulnerabilities — https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/cybersecurity-advisories/aa24-014a [5] Abalingisi Abasabisayo Abasebenzisa Ukuba Sengozini kwe-Cisco IOS XE Software Web UI — https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/cybersecurity-advisories/aa23-287a