Isingeniso
Ezweni lanamuhla lokuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe esheshayo, ikhwalithi yokuhlangenwe nakho konjiniyela isibe yisici esibalulekile ekunqumeni impumelelo yephrojekthi. Njengoba amasistimu e-software eba nzima kakhulu, abathuthukisi babhekana nezinselelo eziningi ezingakhinyabeza ukukhiqiza kwabo kanye nokwaneliseka kukonke. Ukuze kubhekwane nalezi zinselelo, abaklami bezinhlelo zesofthiwe nabathuthukisi basebenzisa amasu ahlukahlukene abeka phambili ulwazi lukanjiniyela, okuhlanganisa amathuluzi okuhlanganyela, amasu okuzenzakalela, nezindlela ezithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle komsebenzi.
Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola intuthuko yakamuva ekwakhiweni kwesoftware egxile ekuthuthukiseni ulwazi lukanjiniyela. Sizongena emhlabeni wamathuluzi okusebenzisana, amasu okuzenzakalela, nezindlela ezingasiza onjiniyela basebenze kahle kakhulu nangempumelelo. Ukwengeza, sizohlinzeka ngesibonelo sekhodi ku-Python esibonisa indlela yokusebenzisa isu elilula lokuzenzekelayo kusetshenziswa ipayipi le-CI/CD.
Amathuluzi Okuhlanganyela Okuhlangenwe Nakho Okuthuthukisiwe Konjiniyela
Amathuluzi okuhlanganyela aguqule indlela onjiniyela abasebenza ngayo ndawonye kumaphrojekthi wesofthiwe. Lawa mathuluzi anika amandla ukuxhumana kwesikhathi sangempela, ukubuyekezwa kwekhodi, nokuphathwa kwephrojekthi, okwenza kube lula kubathuthukisi ukuhlanganyela nokwabelana ngolwazi.
Amasistimu Wokulawula Inguqulo (VCS)
Amasistimu okulawula inguqulo, njenge-Git, angamathuluzi abalulekile okuthuthukisa isofthiwe ngokubambisana. I-VCS ivumela onjiniyela abaningi ukuthi basebenze ku-codebase efanayo ngesikhathi esisodwa, balandelele izinguquko, futhi balawule ukungqubuzana.
# Qalisa inqolobane entsha ye-Git
git engeza.
i-git commit -m "Ukuzinikela kokuqala"
Amathuluzi Okubuyekeza Ikhodi
Amathuluzi okubuyekeza amakhodi, afana ne-GitHub Code Review, anika amandla onjiniyela ukuthi babuyekeze futhi banikeze impendulo ngekhodi yomunye nomunye. Lokhu kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhodi ingeyekhwalithi ephezulu, ihlangabezana nezindinganiso zokubhala amakhodi, futhi ilandela izinqubo ezihamba phambili.
Amathuluzi Okuphatha Iphrojekthi
Amathuluzi okuphatha iphrojekthi, njenge-Jira, Trello, noma i-Asana, asiza onjiniyela ukuhlela, ukulandelela, nokuphatha umsebenzi wabo. Lawa mathuluzi anika amandla onjiniyela ukuthi banikeze imisebenzi, babeke umnqamulajuqu, futhi baqaphe ukuqhubeka.
Amasu Okuzenzakalela Okuhlangenwe Nakho Okuthuthukisiwe Konjiniyela
Amasu okuzenzakalela adlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ulwazi lukanjiniyela ngokunciphisa umzamo owenziwa ngezandla, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle, nokunciphisa amaphutha.
Ukuhlanganiswa Okuqhubekayo (CI)
Ukuhlanganiswa okuqhubekayo kuwumkhuba lapho onjiniyela behlanganisa izinguquko zabo zekhodi endaweni yokugcina emaphakathi njalo. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhodi yakhiwe, ihlolwe, futhi iqinisekiswa njalo, kunciphisa amathuba okuba nezinkinga zokuhlanganisa.
Ukuthunyelwa Okuqhubekayo (CD)
Ukuthunyelwa okuqhubekayo kuwumkhuba lapho ukwakha okuzenzakalelayo nokuhlolwa kuqalwa ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho izinguquko zekhodi ziphushelwa endaweni yokugcina. Lokhu kuvumela onjiniyela ukuthi bakhiphe izinguquko zekhodi ngokushesha nangokuthembekile.
Ingqalasizinda njengeKhodi (IaC)
Ingqalasizinda njengekhodi kuwumkhuba lapho ingqalasizinda ichazwa kusetshenziswa ikhodi, esikhundleni sokucushwa mathupha. Lokhu kunika amandla onjiniyela ukuthi balawule izinguquko zengqalasizinda, banciphise amaphutha, futhi bathuthukise ukungaguquguquki.
Izindlela Zokuzizwisa Kanjiniyela Okuthuthukisiwe
Izindlela zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ulwazi lonjiniyela ngokunikeza uhlaka lokubambisana, ukuxhumana, nokuxazulula izinkinga.
I-Agile Methodology
Indlela ye-Agile iyindlela ephindaphindayo nenyukayo ekuthuthukisweni kwesoftware egcizelela ukuguquguquka, ukubambisana, kanye nokwenza ngcono okuqhubekayo.
Scrum Framework
Uhlaka lwesikram luyindlela edumile ye-Agile egcizelela ukusebenzisana kweqembu, ukuziphendulela, kanye nenqubekelaphambili ephindaphindayo ebheke emigomeni echazwe kahle.
DevOps Culture
Isiko le-DevOps wumqondo ogcizelela ukubambisana, ukuxhumana, kanye nokwenza ngcono okuqhubekayo phakathi kwamaqembu okuthuthukisa nokusebenza.
Ikhodi Isibonelo: Ukusebenzisa Ipayipi le-CI/CD usebenzisa iPython
Kulesi sibonelo, sizobonisa indlela yokuqalisa ipayipi elilula le-CI/CD kusetshenziswa iPython kanye nomtapo wepayipi.
ngenisa os
i-subprocess yokungenisa
kusuka kumapayipi angenisa iPipeline
class MyPipeline(Pipeline):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.name = "Ipayipi lami"
def build(self):
# Yakha ikhodi
subprocess.run(["yenza", "yakha"])
def test(self):
# Yenza ukuhlolwa kweyunithi
subprocess.run(["yenza", "test"])
def deploy(self):
# Faka ikhodi
subprocess.run(["yenza", "sebenzisa"])
iphayiphi = MyPipeline()
pipeline.run()
Le khodi ichaza ipayipi elilula le-CI/CD elakha, lihlole, futhi likhiphe izinguquko zekhodi. Indlela ethi yakha isebenzisa umyalo othi yenza ukwakha, indlela yokuhlola isebenzisa umyalo othi yenza ukuhlola, futhi indlela ethi deploy isebenzisa umyalo othi make deploy.
Ukubona ngeso lengqondo: CI/CD Pipeline
Ishadi elilandelayo libonisa ipayipi le-CI/CD lisebenzisa i-Chart.js.
const ctx = document.getElementById('myChart').getContext('2d');
const chart = Ishadi elisha(ctx, {
uhlobo: 'HorizontalBar',
idatha: {
amalebula: ['Yakha', 'Hlola', 'Faka'],
idathasethi: [{
ilebula: 'Izinyathelo zepayipi',
idatha: [10, 20, 30],
Umbala wangemuva: [
'rgba(255, 99, 132, 0.2)',
'rgba(54, 162, 235, 0.2)',
'rgba(255, 206, 86, 0.2)'
],
Umbala womngcele: [
'rgba(255, 99, 132, 1)',
'rgba(54, 162, 235, 1)',
'rgba(255, 206, 86, 1)'
],
Ububanzi bomngcele: 1
}]
},
izinketho: {
isikali: {
y: {
startAtZero: kuyiqiniso
}
}
}
});
Leli shadi libonisa izinyathelo zamapayipi ngeso lengqondo, okuhlanganisa ukwakha, ukuhlola, nokuphakela.
Isiphetho
ukuthuthukisa ulwazi lukanjiniyela lubalulekile empumelelweni yokuthuthukiswa kwesoftware. Amathuluzi okuhlanganyela, amasu okuzenzakalela, nezindlela zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukukhiqiza konjiniyela, ukwaneliseka, kanye nekhwalithi yokuphila iyonke. Ngokwamukela intuthuko yakamuva ekwakhiweni kwesoftware, onjiniyela bangasebenza kahle kakhulu, ngempumelelo, nangokuhlanganyela. Isibonelo sekhodi nokuboniswa okunikezwe kulesi sihloko kubonisa indlela yokusebenzisa ipayipi elilula le-CI/CD kusetshenziswa iPython neChart.js. Ngokwamukela lawa masu namathuluzi, abathuthukisi bangathatha ukuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe yabo ezingeni elilandelayo.
Izikhombo
- [1] "Umbiko Wesimo Se-DevOps" nguPuppet Labs
- [2] "Ukuhlanganiswa Okuqhubekayo Nokuthunyelwa Okuqhubekayo" yi-Microsoft
- [3] "I-Agile Methodology" nguScrum.org
- [4] "I-DevOps Culture" yi-DevOps Institute
- [5] "Amapayipi ePython" ngomtapo wolwazi wamapayipi
Ukufunda Okuqhubekayo
- "I-DevOps Handbook" kaGene Kim
- "Ukulethwa Okuqhubekayo: Isoftware Ethembekile Ikhishwa Ngokuyakha, Ukuhlola, Nokuthunyelwa Okuzenzakalelayo" nguJez Humble
- "Agile Project Management with Scrum" nguKen Schwaber
- "DevOps for Dummies" ka-John F. Harris